List of senses by Marinus Jan Marijs
A sense is a physiological capacity of organisms that provides data for perception.
Classification of the senses (60X) :
Vision 4X
Rods:
Light (brightness)
Cones (colour):
Red sensitive
Green sensitive
Blue sensitive
Auditory 1X
Sound
Smell ? X
There are hundreds of olfactory receptors (388 according to one source:
“A Sense of Smell: Olfactory Receptors”. Sandwalk. 2007-01-09.),
Taste 5X
Salty
Sweet
Sour
Bitter
Umami or savoury
Touch / skin 12 X
Pressure
Contact
Deep pressure
Prick pain
Quick pain
Deep pain
Warmth
Cold
Heat
Sex
Itch
Tickle
(Smoothness perception)
(Roughness perception)
Internal senses also known as interoception 22 X
Appetite
Hunger is a sensation that is governed by a set of brain structures (e.g., the hypothalamus) that are responsible for energy homeostasis
Thirst This system more or less allows your body to monitor its hydration level
Nausea
Pulmonary sensation Pulmonary stretch receptors are found in the lungs and control the respiratory rate.
The chemoreceptor trigger zone is an area of the medulla in the brain that receives inputs from blood-borne drugs or hormones, and communicates with the vomiting center
Suffocation Peripheral chemoreceptors in the brain monitor the carbon dioxide and oxygen levels in the brain to give a feeling of suffocation if carbon dioxide levels get too high
Satiety
Repletion
Homeostatic thermoreceptors in the brain which provide feedback on internal body temperature.
Receptors that detect levels of oxygen in certain arteries of the bloodstream.
Chemoreceptors in the circulatory system also measure salt levels and prompt thirst if they get too high; they can also respond to high blood sugar levels in diabetics
Stretch receptors in the gastrointestinal tract sense gas distension that may result in colic pain.
sensory receptors related to lung inflation
sensory receptors in the esophagus result in sensations felt in the throat when swallowing, vomiting, or during acid reflux
Sensory receptors in pharynx mucosa, similar to touch receptors in the skin, sense foreign objects such as mucous and food that may result in a gag reflex and corresponding gagging sensation.
Stimulation of sensory receptors in the urinary bladder and rectum may result in sensations of fullness.
Stimulation of sensory receptors in the stomach may result in sensations of fullness.
Stimulation of stretch sensors that sense dilation of various blood vessels may result in pain, for example headache caused by vasodilation of brain arteries.
Cardioception refers to the perception of the activity of the heart.
Opsins and direct DNA damage in melanocytes and keratinocytes can sense ultraviolet radiation, which plays a role in pigmentation and sunburn
Sensors that measure cerebrospinal fluid PH
Mechanoreceptors 12 X
Proprioception This sense gives you the ability to tell where your body parts are, relative to other body parts.
Kinaesthetic receptors
Muscular stretch – Golgi tendon organs
Muscular stretch – muscle spindles
Articular pressure
Tendinous strain
Vibration
Ampullar sensation or dizziness
Vestibular sensation or sense of translation The sensory system for this is found in your inner ears
Sense of angular momentum acceleration
Sense of linear acceleration
Rotational acceleration
Linear acceleration
The illustration on top of the page is by Mikhail Zichy (1827–1906) Bolshoi Theatre
